The impact of donor type on outcomes and cost of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant for pediatric leukemia: a merged CIBMTR and PHIS analysis: Pediatric acute leukemia transplant risks and utilization.

2020

2020 May 25

1523-6536

<p><strong>IMPORTANCE: </strong>AlloHCT may be associated with significant morbidity and mortality that result in increased healthcare utilization. To date, no multi-center comparative cost analyses have been performed specifically evaluating alloHCT in children with acute leukemia.</p>

<p><strong>OBJECTIVES: </strong>To describe the relationship between survival and healthcare utilization while investigating the hypothesis that matched sibling donor (MSD) alloHCT has significantly lower inpatient healthcare utilization compared to unrelated donor (URD) and that among URD, umbilical cord blood transplants (UCB) will have higher initial but lower long-term utilization.</p>

<p><strong>DESIGN: </strong>Retrospective cohort study Setting: Clinical and transplant outcomes data from the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research (CIBMTR) were merged with inpatient cost data from the Pediatric Health Information System (PHIS) database using a probabilistic merge methodology.</p>

<p><strong>PARTICIPANTS: </strong>The merged dataset contained U.S. patients age 1-21 years who received alloHCT for acute leukemia from 2004-2011 with comprehensive CIBMTR data at a PHIS hospital.</p>

<p><strong>EXPOSURE: </strong>AlloHCT analyzed by donor type with specific analysis of utilization and costs using PHIS claims data.</p>

<p><strong>MAIN OUTCOME: </strong>The primary outcomes of overall survival (OS), leukemia free survival (LFS), and inpatient costs were evaluated using Kaplan-Meier curves, Cox, and Poisson models.</p>

<p><strong>RESULTS: </strong>632 patients were identified in both CIBMTR and PHIS. 5-year LFS was 60% for MSD, 47% for well-matched matched unrelated donor bone marrow (MUD), 48% for mismatched unrelated donor, and 45% for UCB (p=0.09). Total adjusted costs were significantly lower for MSD versus MUD by day 100 (adjusted cost ratio (ACR) 0.73, CI 0.62-0.86, p&lt;0.001), and higher for UCB versus MUD (ACR 1.27, CI 1.11-1.45, p&lt;0.001). By 2yrs, total adjusted costs remained significantly lower for MSD when compared to MUD (ACR 0.67, CI 0.56-0.81, p&lt;0.001) and higher for UCB compared to MUD (ACR 1.25, 95% CI 1.02-1.52, p=0.0280).</p>

<p><strong>CONCLUSIONS: </strong>UCB and MUD alloHCT provide similar survival outcomes; however, MUD alloHCT has a significant advantage in cost by day 100 and 2 years. Ongoing research is needed to determine if the cost difference among URD alloHCT remains significant with a larger sample size and/or beyond the 2 years following alloHCT.</p>

10.1016/j.bbmt.2020.05.016

Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant.

32464284

Hospital-Level Variability in Broad-Spectrum Antibiotic Use for Children With Acute Leukemia Undergoing Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation.

2018

1-9

2018 May 08

1559-6834

<p>OBJECTIVETo explore the prevalence and drivers of hospital-level variability in antibiotic utilization among hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) recipients to inform antimicrobial stewardship initiatives.DESIGNRetrospective cohort study using data merged from the Pediatric Health Information System and the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research.SETTINGThe study included 27 transplant centers in freestanding children's hospitals.METHODSThe primary outcome was days of broad-spectrum antibiotic use in the interval from day of HCT through neutrophil engraftment. Hospital antibiotic utilization rates were reported as days of therapy (DOTs) per 1,000 neutropenic days. Negative binomial regression was used to estimate hospital utilization rates, adjusting for patient covariates including demographics, transplant characteristics, and severity of illness. To better quantify the magnitude of hospital variation and to explore hospital-level drivers in addition to patient-level drivers of variation, mixed-effects negative binomial models were also constructed.RESULTSAdjusted hospital rates of antipseudomonal antibiotic use varied from 436 to 1121 DOTs per 1,000 neutropenic days, and rates of broad-spectrum, gram-positive antibiotic use varied from 153 to 728 DOTs per 1,000 neutropenic days. We detected variability by hospital in choice of antipseudomonal agent (ie, cephalosporins, penicillins, and carbapenems), but gram-positive coverage was primarily driven by vancomycin use. Considerable center-level variability remained even after controlling for additional hospital-level factors. Antibiotic use was not strongly associated with days of significant illness or mortality.CONCLUSIONAmong a homogenous population of children undergoing HCT for acute leukemia, both the quantity and spectrum of antibiotic exposure in the immediate posttransplant period varied widely. Antimicrobial stewardship initiatives can apply these data to optimize the use of antibiotics in transplant patients.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2018;1-9.</p>

10.1017/ice.2018.96

Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol

29734957

Clinical risks and healthcare utilization of haematopoietic cell transplantation for sickle cell disease in the U.S. using merged databases.

2017

1823-1832

2017 Nov

1592-8721

<p>Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant advances for sickle cell disease improve outcomes, but limited healthcare utilization analysis exists. We hypothesized that early transplant (age &lt; 10 years) improves outcomes and decreases healthcare utilization compared to late. We performed a retrospective study of US children transplanted for sickle cell during 2000-2013 using two large databases. Univariate and Cox models estimated associations between demographics, sickle cell severity, and transplant-related variables on mortality and chronic graft versus-host-disease; while, Wilcoxon, Kruskal-Wallis, or linear trend tests estimated against healthcare utilization. 161 patients with 90% 2-year overall survival (95% confidence interval [CI] 85-95%) displayed significantly higher mortality late versus early (hazard ratio (HR) 21, 95% CI 2.8-160.8, p=0.003) and unrelated compared to matched sibling donor (HR 5.9, 95% CI 1.7-20.2, p=0.005) and chronic graft versus host disease late (HR 1.9, 95% CI 1.0-3.5, p=0.034) and unrelated (HR 2.5, 95%CI 1.2-5.4; p=0.017). 176 merged patients had $467,747 median total adjusted transplant cost per patient (range: $344,029-$799,219). Matched sibling donor and low severity had the lowest healthcare utilization compared to other donor and severity types (p&lt;0.001 and p=0.022, respectively); late transplant demonstrated no association (p=0.775). Patients with 2-yr pre- and post-transplant data (N=41) showed significant admission (p&lt;0.001), length of stay (p&lt;0.001), and cost (p=0.008) reductions. Superior early transplant outcomes require prospective studies in young children without severe disease and an available matched sibling to provide conclusive evidence for this approach. Reduced post-transplant healthcare utilization inpatient care indicates that transplant may provide a sustained decrease in healthcare costs over time.</p>

10.3324/haematol.2017.169581

Haematologica

28818869